胞外ATP在呼吸道中的作用

The Role of Extracellular ATP in the Airway

ATP不但是各种细胞的能量来源,而且更是一种自分泌或旁分泌的胞外信使,参与细胞一系列的生物学效应。ATP从呼吸道上皮细胞中释放,在调节呼吸道表面液体量的平衡、黏膜纤毛清除能力和呼吸道防御功能方面起重要作用,并参与呼吸道疾病及炎症的发生。本文对ATP从呼吸道上皮释放的途径,ATP调节呼吸道上皮离子转运的机制,ATP对呼吸道平滑肌的双重调节作用,以及ATP参与呼吸道疾病和炎症的发生机制等方面予以综述。

ATP serves not only as an energy source for all cell types but as an extracellular messenger for autocrine and paracrine signaling involving in a versatile role in modulating various cellular functions.This review summarizes the efflux pathways of ATP released from airway epithelial cells,the signal pathways through which ATP induces ion transport by the epithelia of airway,as well as its epithelium-dependent modulation of smooth muscle contraction of airway and the mechanism underlying in airway diseases.