渤海海峡跨海通道对中国东部和东北地区交通可达性影响

The Effect of Bohai Sea-Crossing Passage on the Traffic Accessibility of Eastern Coastal Area in China

基于中国空间全覆盖的矩阵形式栅格数据,运用ArcGIS 9.3成本加权距离算法,定量评价了渤海海峡跨海通道的修建对我国交通可达性的改进程度.研究表明,成本加权距离算法可以科学、精确地进行重大基础设施修建前后的交通可达性评价及预测;渤海海峡跨海通道的辐射范围为河北海兴县渲惠河入海口-宁夏皋兰-新疆莎车线以南和辽宁绥中-内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗线以东地区;跨海通道修建前后通道两端的结点城市的时间成本显著降低,可达性面积发生显著增加,相应变化遵循空间递减规律;跨海通道对区域可达性产生的效果为沿海城市大于内陆城市,长江以南地区要大于东北地区.

Based on the matrix raster data of whole China,using cost-weighted distance algorithm with ArcGIS 9.3 platform,this paper quantitatively analyzed the positive role of the improvement of traffic accessibility in China due to the construction of Bohai Sea Straits Passage（BSSP）.The study shows that the cost-weighted distance algorithm is scientifically and accurately suitable for the traffic accessibility comparison of pre-and post great infrastructures.The ＂China effect boundary＂ of BSSP is the southern area of the ＂Xuanhui River estuary of Hebei province-Gaolan county of Ningxia Hui autonomous region-Shache county of Xinjiang uighur autonomous region＂ line and the northern area of the ＂Suizhong county of Liaoning province-Dongwuzhumuqin banner of inner mongolia autonomous region＂ line.After the construction of BSSP,the time cost between the two sides of BSSP decreases much and the accessibility area of the node cities increases significantly,which follows the spatial decline law.The accessibility impact on coastal cities of BSSP is more than that on inland cities,and that on the southern area of Yangtze river is more than that on the Northeast.