产业内贸易理论与台海两岸产业内贸易现状分析

Intra-Industry Trade Theory and an Analysis on Present Situation of Cross-Strait Intra-Industry Trade

以台海两岸机电产业内贸易为例,对克鲁格曼产业内贸易关系理论进行论证。根据克鲁格曼提出的规模经济是产业内贸易的成因观点,对比克鲁格曼产业内贸易与要素比例关系的发生条件,结合台海两岸现实数据,对这一理论的局限性作了分析。通过运用柯布—道格拉斯生产函数进行参数估计,判定两岸机电产业的规模经济发展程度。在此基础上,采用平均成本比较分析台海两岸的机电产业规模,建立产业内贸易指数与平均成本的相关分析,以此判断二者之间存在的相关性。研究发现,规模经济确实影响着产业内贸易的发展水平,不过,与克鲁格曼理论不同的是,在要素比例不同的国家或地区之间仍然可以发生产业内贸易。本文的分析扩展了产业内贸易成因的解释范围。

The analysis on the intra-industry trade Theory by Krugman is based on cross-strait trade of mechanical and electrical industry.According to Krugman,economies of scale are the causes of intra-industry trade.This paper studies the occurrence conditions of the relationship between intra-industry trade and factor proportion,and then analyzes the limitations of the theory by Krugman combined with the data on cross-strait trade.In order to determine the development degree of economies of scale on mechanical and electrical industry across the strait,authors use Cobb-Douglas production function to estimate parameters.On that basis,authors adopt average cost to comparatively analyze the scale of mechanical and electrical industry across the strait.They establish the correlation analysis between intra-industry trade index and average cost,so as to prove the correlation between the two.Empirical research has proved that economies of scale are the factors to influence the level of intra-industry trade.But what is different from Krugman＇s theory is that intra-industry trade can still occur between countries or areas with different factor proportions,which extends the explanation scope of the causes of intra-industry trade.