卫星地面测控站的防雷技术

Lighting Protection Technology of Satellite Ground Station

雷电是大气中带有大量电荷的雷云放电的结果,落地雷强大的雷电流可达数十至数百千安培。由于卫星测控站的天线通常是附近最高的建筑物,在雷雨季节容易招引雷电。文章在对卫星地面测控站的多起雷击事故进行调研统计的基础上,分析得出测控设备遭受雷击的原因,讨论了卫星地面测控站的防雷击理论和接地技术,提出测控站防雷击措施,主要包括等电位接地、等电位连接、机房电磁屏蔽、合理布线等。

Lighting is the result of electrical clouds spark to ground. And its current reaches tens to thousands amperes. The antenna is usually the dominant vertical structure in a satellite ground station ; therefore, it is prone to being struck by lighting. By analyzing the statistic on cases of lighting attacking satellite ground stations, this paper presents the reason for being damaged of satellite ground station by a lighting strike. This article discusses several kinds of protective measures against lighting and grounding techniques, which includes equipotential grounding, euqipotential bond, and electromagnetic shield, etc.