芋茎尖离体培养和快速繁殖

In vitro shoot-tip culture and rapid propagation of Colocasia esculenta

对芋优良品种莱阳毛羊头进行茎尖培养和快速繁殖。试验表明，外植体表面灭菌的最佳方案是乙醇→新洁尔灭→剥幼叶→升汞。在较软的培养基中，茎尖大于0．6mm，成活率为90％以上。不定芽分化的最适培养基为MS＋BA1（mg／L以下单位相同）＋NAA0．2＋Spm20，其分化率为100％。不定芽在MS＋BA2＋NAA0．1＋Spm50的培养基中，可实现继代繁殖和诱导生根一步完成，月增殖系数达7．3，生根率88．3％。芋试管苗移栽于沙壤土基中，成活率为90％以上，且生长健壮，根系发达。

The methods of shoot-tip culture and rapid propagation of Colocasia esculenta were studied. The most suitable procedure for surface sterilization of explants was: ethanol→saponation of cresol→stripping tender leaves→sublimate. On softer media, survival rate of shoot-tip, over 0.6mm in diameter, was over 90 %. The frequency of adventitious buds differentiation was 100 % on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/ L BA, 0.2 mg/ L NAA and 20 mg/ L spermine. The subculture and the rooting induction were simultaneity when adventitous buds were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg / L BA, 0. 1 mg / L NAA and 50 mg / L spermine. The monthly coefficient of proliferation was 7.3, and rate of root formation was 88.3 %. The survival rate of planting was over 90 % after plantlets transplanted in the sand soil, they grew well and had a good root system.