夏秋季石家庄大气污染变化特征观测研究

Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollutants During the Period of Summer and Autumn in Shijiazhuang

研究了石家庄夏秋季节大气污染状况及2008奥运前后大气污染物浓度变化特征.2007和2008年夏秋季节,使用全自动在线观测仪器对石家庄大气环境质量进行连续监测,目的是阐明奥运期间石家庄污染物减排对当地大气环境的改变,探讨石家庄地区产生的大气污染物对北京及周边地区可能的影响.结果表明,除了氮氧化物,其他污染物均有超标情况出现,其中夏秋季节O3浓度较高,小时最大浓度值平均(O3-Max)分别为(177.2±63.0)和(105.8±61.7)μg·m-3,NO和NO2在夏秋季节的浓度分别为(4.5±4.0)、(32.7±12.4)μg·m-3和(21.5±16.9)、(60.5±16.9)μg·m-3,SO2浓度分别为(72.0±27.5)和(92.0±44.4)μg·m-3,PM2.5和PM10浓度达到(102.3±47.6)、(153.3±58.3)μg·m-3和(95.8±50.0)、(147.4±67.0)μg·m-3;奥运期间各类污染物浓度显著下降,NOx、O3-Max、SO2、PM2.5和PM10浓度分别为(43.8±15.0)、(142.0±54.9)、(52.4±18.8)、(76.7±35.1)和(116.5±38.8)μg·m-3,其中SO2、PM2.5和PM10分别较2008年监测期间平均值降低34.6%、22.8%和21.0%.本研究系统分析了夏秋季节石家庄大气污染状况,为评估当地大气污染控制措施提供了科学依据.

Atmospheric pollutants and their concentration change characteristics during Beijing Olympics in Shijiazhuang were studied.Air quality was measured by automatic on-line continuous monitoring equipments in summer and autumn of 2007 and 2008.The objectives of this study were to identify the effect of pollutants decrease on atmospheric environment,and develop the potential influence to Beijing and surrounding areas.The results show that the pollutants concentration often exceeds state criterion except nitrogen oxides,O3 concentration in summer and autumn is higher,averaged hourly maximum concentration （O3-Max） is （177.2 ± 63.0） and （105.8 ± 61.7） μg·m-3,the concentrations of NO and NO2 are （4.5 ± 4.0）,（32.7 ± 12.4） μg·m-3 and （21.5 ± 16.9）,（60.5 ± 16.9） μg·m-3 respectively,SO2 concentration is （72.0 ± 27.5） and （92.0 ± 44.4） μg·m-3,PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations reach to （102.3 ± 47.6）,（153.3 ± 58.3） μg·m-3 and （95.8 ± 50.0）,（147.4 ± 67.0）μg·m-3.Generally,pollutants declined obviously in Olympics period,the concentrations of NOx,O3-Max,SO2,PM2.5 and PM10 are （43.8 ± 15.0）,（142.0 ± 54.9）,（52.4 ± 18.8）,（76.7 ± 35.1） and （116.5 ± 38.8） μg·m-3,and the reduction ratio of SO2,PM2.5 and PM10 are 34.6%,22.8% and 21.0% compared with the whole monitoring period in 2008.The actuality of atmospheric pollution in summer and autumn was analyzed systemically,and which provided scientific evidences for evaluating the control measures of pollutants emission.