奶牛金黄色葡萄球菌性乳房炎研究进展

Progress on Cow Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus

奶牛乳房炎是对世界奶牛业造成经济损失最大的疾病之一,它不仅直接导致乳品工业的经济损失,而且由于患乳房炎的奶牛其乳汁中经常含有大量的毒素、病原微生物以及治疗后残留的抗生素,使得该病日益引起公众的关注。金黄色葡萄球菌是奶牛乳房炎的主要病原,由于其极易产生耐药性,使得治疗变得相当困难,因此使用预防或治疗性疫苗防治乳房炎就成为首选。金黄色葡萄球菌对上皮细胞的黏附和侵袭力被认为是奶牛金黄色葡萄球菌性乳房炎的主要致病机制,金黄色葡萄球菌的致病力涉及到许多不同的毒力因子,如黏附素、荚膜、各种毒素和酶类等。研究表明,以这些毒力因子为靶位进行疫苗研究,可能是预防奶牛金黄色葡萄球菌性乳房炎的有效途径。

Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of mastitis in cows,resulting in significant economic losses in dairy production and reduced livestock welfare.The occurrence of cow mastitis has serious consequences for public health because there are numbers of toxins,pathogenic microorganisms and antibiotic residues in the milk.The effects of antibiotic therapy has becoming more and more difficult because S.aureus is easy to produce antibiotic-resistant.A vaccine to protect against infection would therefore be beneficial.Epithelial adhesion and invasiveness is the chief pathogenesis of cow mastitis induced by S.aureus.The virulence of S.aureus involves a number of different factors（adhesin,CP,toxins etc.）,which make design of a widely effective vaccine difficult.Studies show that these virulent factors appear to be an interesting target for vaccination against S.aureus infections.