利用CINRAD雷达产品进行风暴外推与预警

Storm extrapolation and warning with CINRAD radar products

CINRAD雷达产品十分丰富,在CINRAD雷达导出产品中,有专门针对风暴外推与预警的雷达产品,即风暴路径信息STI,冰雹指数HI,中气旋M,龙卷涡旋特征TVS和风暴结构SS(产品标号58-62),这些雷达产品都有较完善的算法。在日常业务中,一般都是使用图像产品,很少使用匹配二进制数据文件产品,但要实现客观预报方法,就必须将这些分散的二进制数据文件组成一个统一标准格式的ASCII码"产品属性表"文件。这个文件把与风暴有关的雷达产品的特征汇集在一起,同时还增加了风暴单体质心回波强度、质心回波顶高和质心VIL等其它信息。风暴外推预警图使用多图层显示方式,分别显示这些雷达产品数据和ET、VIL等数据,并配有GIS地理信息。在做风暴外推预报时,考虑了高层引导风的作用和下垫面的影响;当风暴单体满足一定条件时,将考虑风暴的右移特性。

The rich CINRAD radar products contain special information about storm extrapolation and warning, namely storm track information （STI）, hail index （HI）, mesocyclone （ M）, tornado vortex signature（TVS） and storm structure（SS）,and how to apply these information to a practice profession is the key point. Although there are relative perfect storm algorithms in Doppler radar products,image products is more often used than BIN data file in routine work. To realize an objective prediction method,we must be composed of these scatter BIN data files to a ASCII ＂product properties＂ file, which can collect features of radar products,increase centroid echo intensity,echo height and vertically integrated liquid （VIL） of storm cell information etc. The storm extrapolation warning model with poly-layer picture display can show these radar data, ET,VIL and geographic information from GIS as well. The effects of high lead wind and underlying surface take into consideration in the process of storm extrapolation prediction. Moreover, it takes the characteristics of storm right shift into consideration on a certain condition.