三种不同方法对尿液红细胞、白细胞联合检测的意义

Significance of Combined Detection of Urine RBC and WBC by Three Different Methods

【目的】探讨不同方法对尿液中有形成分检测差异。【方法】采用Diasys工作站（A法），UF-100尿液流式细胞分析仪（B法）、DiruiH-500尿液干化学分析仪（C法）三种方法同时检测2096例尿液样本中红细胞、白细胞及其他成分并分析差异。【结果】红细胞差异比对分析：B法和C法分别与A法俩俩配对组间比较均有差异显著性（P〈0．05），但B法与C法之间比较，无显著差异（P〉0．05）。白细胞比对分析：B法和c法分别与A法俩俩配对比较无显著差异（P〉0．05），但B法与C法之间比较，差异显著（P〈0．05）。B法检测的180例红细胞和70例白细胞假阳性结果的主要原因是尿液结晶。C法造成红细胞假阳性最主要的因素是非结晶以外的其他因素，该法红、白细胞假阴性率明显高于B法。【结论】A、B、C三种方法在尿液中红、白细胞病例检出率存在不同差畀。干化学分析和流式细胞分析法具有快速筛选、高效、自动化的特点，但由于尿液中有形成分干扰易导致假阴性或假阳性。尿显微镜沉渣定量镜检对于细胞和其他有形成分形态学辨认准确，仍是其他仪器的检测参照标准。

[Objective] To explore the differences among different methods to detect formed elements in urine. [Methods] Diasys sediment workstation （method A）, UF 100 urine flow cytometer （method B） and Dirui H-500 dry-chemical analyzer （method C） was used to detect RBC, WBC and other elements in 2096 urine samples simultaneously and analyze the differences. [Results]There was significant difference in RBC between method B or C and method（ P 〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference between method B and C （ P 〉0.05）. There was no significant difference in WBC between method B or C and method A（ P 〉0.05）, but there was significant difference between method B and C （ P 〈0.05）. The main reason of false positive RBC in 180 cases and false-positive WBC in 70 cases detected by method B was urine crystals. The main reason of false-positive RBC detected by method C was other factors except non-crystallization. The RBC and WBC false-negative rate detected by method C was obviously higher than that by method B. [Conclusion] There are differences in urine RBC and WBC detection rate among method A, B and C. Dry-chemical analysis and flow cytometry are rapid, efficient and automated, but it easily leads to false negative or false positive results caused by urine formed elements. For the accurate identification of cells and other formed elements, urine sediment quantitative microscopic examination is still the reference for all the other detection equipments.