俄罗斯油气投资环境与中俄油气合作潜力分析

Russia's Oil and Gas Investment Environment and Prospects for Sino-Russia Oil Cooperation

俄罗斯具有雄厚的油气资源基础,未来为世界提供油气的能力将逐渐增强,2030年俄罗斯能够为世界提供的油气将分别达到790×104bbl/d和2400×108m3,在世界油气供应体系中占有重要地位。俄罗斯与中东、非洲等油气资源富庶区相比,投资环境较好,虽然油气财税政策均有从严趋势,但俄罗斯社会文明程度较高,在国际政治体系中独立性更强,尤其是经济结构转型使俄罗斯对外资的依赖程度更高,是比较理想的油气合作伙伴。中俄经济互补性强,开展油气合作具有地利优势,就保障我国油气安全而言,中俄油气合作更具现实性。当前中俄战略合作已进入新阶段,为进一步的油气合作奠定了基础。中国应抓住这一发展机遇,将中俄油气合作视为未来的海外发展重点,认真研究俄罗斯对外油气合作的政策和态度,继续坚持市场换资源战略,为中俄未来的油气合作创造更为有利的条件。

Russia has significant oil and gas resources and is gradually enhancing its ability to supply oil and gas to the global market.By 2030,Russia＇s oil and gas exports are expected to hit 790 ×104bbl/d and 2400×108m3,making the country an important oil and gas supplier to the world market.Compared with other oil and gas-rich areas such as the Middle East and Africa,Russia has a better environment for oil and gas investment.Although all areas tend to impose stricter fiscal policies,Russia＇s social civilization level is higher,the country is more independent than the other oil-rich countries in the international political system and particularly Russia＇s dependence on foreign capital is stronger as a result of the transformation of its economic structure.For these reasons,Russia is an ideal partner in oil and gas development.China and Russia can well complement each other in developing economy and there are location-specific advantages in the oil and gas cooperation between the two countries.From the point of view of ensuring China＇s oil and gas security,the Sino-Russian oil cooperation is of practical significance.The Sino-Russian strategic cooperation is now in a new stage and this has laid the groundwork for a deeper oil and gas cooperation between the two countries.China should grasp this opportunity and make cooperation with Russia a priority in developing oil and gas overseas.Chinese enterprises should strengthen their study on Russia＇ s policies and attitude toward foreign oil and gas cooperation,continue to implement market-for-resource strategy and create better conditions for future oil cooperation with Russia.