焊接热循环对铝-铝-钢复合过渡接头性能的影响

Effect of Welding Thermal Cycle on the properties of Al-alloy/Al/Steel Structural Transition Joint

采用正交试验法研究焊接热循环对应用于船舶铝质上层建筑与钢质船体连接的铝合金-铝-钢复合过渡接头性能的影响.试样依次采用铝合金TIG焊、MIG焊、钢MAG焊分别实现过渡接头与铝合金板材和钢板之间的焊接.复合界面剪切强度及厚度方向的抗拉强度测试结果表明:随着焊接电流的增大,过渡接头的性能明显下降,三种工艺方法对复合板性能由主到次的影响顺序为:铝合金TIG焊>钢MAG焊>铝合金MIG焊.通过复合界面焊接温度场的测定,分析了复合界面峰值温度与复合板性能之间的关系,结果显示:为满足船舶结构设计的要求,焊接热循环在铝-铝-钢过渡接头复合界面上产生的峰值温度不宜超过300℃.

By applying orthogonal test principle,the effect of welding thermal cycle on the properties of Al-alloy/Al/Steel structural transition joint（STJ） used in ship building is investigated.TIG,MIG and MAG welding method are applied to connect STJ with aluminum alloy and steel plates in turn.It is shown that along with welding current increasing,the properties of STJ decrease obviously.The effect of TIG,MAG and MIG welding currents on the properties of STJ weakens in correct order.The relationship between the peak temperatures on the interfaces of STJ,caused by welding thermal cycle,and its performances is also analyzed.It is indicated that the peak temperature on the interfaces of STJ should be strictly controlled below 300℃ to meet the requirement of ship structure designs.