敷设空腔尖劈的声呐平台声学特性研究

Acoustic Characteristics of Sonar Platform Laying of Cavity Wedge

基于变截面波导理论建立吸声系数方程,讨论了不同静压下尖劈吸声性能,开展了空腔尖劈声管测试,并将计算值与实验值进行对比分析。在此基础上,通过数值试验预报了声呐平台区的自噪声分布,对比分析了空腔尖劈敷设方案对其声学特性的影响。结果表明:随着静水压力的增大,尖劈吸声系数第一谐振峰向高频移动;高静压下,尖劈吸声系数下降较快。敷设空腔尖劈的声呐平台区的自噪声总声压级显著降低,尖劈部分优化敷设既要考虑全频段平台区的自噪声总声级,又要兼顾声呐基阵位置处的声压分布。

This paper constitutes the sound absorption coefficient equations based on the non-uniform wave guide theory,discusses the wedge sound absorption ability with different hydrostatic pressures,and the results are compared with the sound pipe test of cavity wedge.Furthermore,the self-noise distribution of sonar platform is predicted through numerical experimentation and the influence of cavity wedge laying schemes to sonar platform acoustic characteristics is analyzed.The results show that the first resonance peak moves to the higher frequency with the increment of hydrostatic pressure,and the absorption coefficient of the cavity wedge decreases more sharply with the high hydrostatic pressure.The laying of cavity wedge obviously reduces the total self-noise level of the sonar platform,and the part laying method of wedge must consider the total self-noise level of platform in the full range of frequency bands,and also the sound pressure distribution of sonar array.