《宋代“田制不立”、“不抑兼并”说》再商榷——兼答薛政超同志

Further Discussion on the Song's "Lack of Land System" and "No-inhibiting Mergers"——Also a Discussion with Mr.Xue Zhengchao

薛政超同志用以证明"说宋代‘田制不立’者就是宋人"的三个论据都不能成立。"田制不立"一语诚为宋人所首创,见廖行之《省斋集》卷四《田制论》,说的又恰好不是宋代"田制不立",而是汉代"田制不立","汉固无田制"。今人说"宋代‘田制不立’"的四种情况,表达的都是今人自己的意思。其所说"宋代‘田制不立’",如未对"田制不立"一词的含义做出特殊的界定,自然是指一般意义上的"田制",也自然只能用今人通常的语言习惯来理解与进行讨论。宋人从未笼统说过"我朝‘不抑兼并’"。抑制兼并不等于仇富,"保富"并不都等于反对抑制兼并。"保富"与"抑制兼并"并非对立概念;"保富"与"不抑兼并"更并非同一概念。笔者的《驳议》意在纠偏,说明宋代不仅有田制,而且也抑兼并,无意从一个极端走向另一极端。正如薛政超同志所承认的,笔者的《驳议》,"其中并没有明确提出宋代国家的基本政策是什么"。

No record shows Song people said Song dynasty was＂lack of land system＂and＂no-inhibiting mergers＂in general.The＂arguments of protecting the rich＂is not equal to＂no-inhibiting mergers＂.The saying of ＂lack of land system＂in Yuan has its specifical background.The concept is different from the meaning of ＂lackoflandsystem＂weunderstandtoday.Wecanonlyunderstandanddiscussitonthebasisofthecommon language habit of people today.