深圳市诺如病毒感染的流行病学分析

Epidemiologic analysis of norovirus infection in Shenzhen

目的分析深圳市诺如病毒感染的流行特征,为制定预防与控制策略提供科学依据。方法对深圳市疾病控制信息管理系统2005～2007年诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发疫情资料进行流行病学分析;收集2008年深圳市感染性腹泻病原谱哨点监测和福田区婴幼儿非细菌性腹泻病原谱哨点监测样本共779份应用RT-PCR方法检测诺如病毒核酸。结果诺如病毒是深圳市2005-2007年其他感染性腹泻暴发疫情的主要病原,占其他感染性腹泻暴发疫情总宗数的84.61%。深圳市感染性腹泻病原谱哨点监测结果显示,诺如病毒还是非细菌性腹泻的重要病原,在全人群组非细菌性腹泻病毒病原的检测中阳性率达24.69%,高于轮状病毒感染的15.76%。但在婴幼儿非细菌性感染性腹泻病原谱监测中,诺如病毒检出阳性率为16.83%,低于轮状病毒感染的55.77%。诺如病毒性腹泻暴发的高峰在10、11、12、1月,与诺如病毒性腹泻散发的高峰11、1月重合性较好,提示两者存在关联性。结论控制诺如病毒感染对降低法定传染病发病数,防控公共卫生应急事件具有重要意义。

Aim To analyze the epidemic characteristic of norovirus in Shenzhen. Methods Descriptive epidemiologic method was applied to analyze characteristics of outbreaks of norovirus infections reported to the ShenZhen Communicable Disease Information System over 3-year period from 2005 to 2007. There 779 samples were collected from diarrhea sentinel monitoring system and nonbacterial diarrhea of infant sentinel monitoring system, RT-PCR was used to detect norovirus DNA. Results Norovirus was the main pathogen of outbreaks of infectious diarrhea in ShenZhen, accounting for 84.61% of outbreaks of infectious diarrhea. Norovirus accounted for 24.69% of nonbacterial diarrhea, higher than 15.76% of rotavirus infection. However, norovirus accounted for 16.83% of nonbacterial diarrhea lower than 55.77% of rotavirus infection. The peaks of norovirus outbreaks were in October, November, December and January. Conclusion To control norovirus infection is an effecitve measure for reducingthe incidence of legal infectious diseases and dealing with public health emergent events