生态批评的美学原则

The Aesthetic Principle in Ecological Criticism

早在1978年"生态批评"被正式提出之时,生态批评家就呼吁要构建出一个生态诗学体系和生态美学体系。生态批评不仅在思想意识方面有自己的特性,而且在审美和艺术表现评判方面也有独特的、与其他批评不同的标准。形成这种独特的审美和艺术标准的主要原因,是生态批评以生态整体主义作为自己的指导思想。本文试图阐述生态审美与传统的人类中心主义审美的主要差异,并提出生态批评的三个主要的美学原则。从审美目的来看,生态审美的第一原则是自然性原则;从审美视域来看,生态审美的第二原则是整体性原则;从审美方法来看,生态审美的第三原则是交融性原则。

Even as early as before the＂ecological criticism＂was mentioned in 1978,the ecological critics advocated constructing an ecological poetry system and ecological aesthetic system.Ecological criticism not only has its characters in ideology,but also has its own unique standard in aesthetic and artistic judgment which is different from other criticism,due to its guiding idea of ecological organism.This article elaborates the difference between ecological aesthetic criticism and traditional human centered aesthetic criticism,and produces three main principles of ecological criticism.From the view of aesthetic goal,the first principle of ecological criticism is the principle of nature;from the view of aesthetic perspective,the second principle is the organic wholeness;from the view of methodology,the third principle is interaction and integration.