施磷量对烤烟几种生理生化物质含量、赤星病发生及烟叶产质量的影响

Effect of phosphorus application rate on content of physiological and biochemical substances,brown spot severity,and yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco

以当地生产推荐施磷量为对照,通过田间试验研究了低磷和高磷对烤烟打顶时(即赤星病发病初期)健康烟株烟叶中类黄酮、总酚、可溶性糖和游离性氨基酸4种生理生化物质含量、后期赤星病发病情况以及烟叶产质量的影响。结果表明,打顶时烟叶中类黄酮、总酚和可溶性糖的含量随施磷量增加而下降,其中高磷和低磷两处理间差异显著;而烟叶中游离性氨基酸的含量则以中等施磷量处理(当地推荐施磷量)显著大于低磷和高磷两处理。不同时期的赤星病发病率均呈现出随施磷量增加而增加,病情加重的趋势。烤后烟叶产量、产值在不同施磷量处理间差异不明显,但以低磷处理略微稍高;同时低磷处理烟叶两糖差相对较好,但糖碱比相对偏低。建议生产中的磷肥施用量应适当下调,以略高于低磷处理用量为宜。

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of phosphorus application rate on content of some physiological and biochemical substances such as flavonoid,phenol,soluble sugar,and free amino acid in leaves at topping,and the occurrence of leaf brown spot after topping as well as leaf yield and quality. Results showed that increasing phosphorus application rate resulted in reduced content of flavonoid,phenol,and soluble sugar in leaf and more serious severity of leaf brown spot. Significant difference between treatments with the highest and lowest phosphorus amount was found with regards to content of flavonoid,phenol,and soluble sugar,while free amino acid content was higher in the treatment with moderate phosphorus rate. Although no obvious difference was recorded among treatments concerning yield and economic value,lower application rate of phosphorus seemed to result in relatively higher yield and economic value,higher ratio of reducing sugar versus total sugar and lower ratio of total sugar versus nicotine. Moderate application rate of phosphorus may be considered to reduce brown spot severity under experimental condition.