印度推进洪水管理的案例分析与启示

Promotion of flood management in India:case analysis and enlightenments

中印两国同为具有悠久文化历史、人口众多的发展中国家,长期以农业经济为主,人与水争地的问题突出,在治水中面临许多相似的问题。近年来,为了满足经济发展与安全保障的需求,印度推进其治水方略向洪水管理转变,并取得了积极的进展。本文结合2008年3月对印度实地考察的经历,分析了印度推进洪水管理的两个案例,第一例为关于Mahanadi河流域洪水管理规划的研讨,第二例为Bihar州洪水管理信息系统项目后续计划与技术路线的论证。这对于我国继续推进向洪水管理的转变有一定的启示。

Both India and China are developing countries with long history of civilization and huge popula- tion. They are facing similar issues in flood control and disaster mitigation. In order to meet the demands in development and security, India is now promoting a flood management strategy and has made inspiring progresses. Two cases related to flood management were analyzed in this paper through a site visit to India by the author in March 2008, The visit covered Mahanadi River and Bihar State, Some experiences and enlightenments are presented in this paper. It is believed that Indian experiences may certainly be helpful to us in advancing the transform toward flood management.