纤维素的粘弹性研究进展

The Development of Studies on Viscoelasticity of Cellulose

综述了纤维素粘弹性的研究进展。因为纤维素具有复杂的微细结构，所以其粘弹性也很复杂。首先纤维素的粘弹性与含水量密切相关，水的存在引发了一些转变；其次，在纤维素中存在两种类型的水分子，一种是与纤维素分子链紧密连接的水分子，一种是与纤维素分子链松散连接的水分子；第三，在纤维素的动态力学曲线上出现了许多转变峰，一般有α松弛、β松弛、γ松弛；第四，α松弛包括α1、α2、αsh、αH2o和α3松弛，α松弛包括βal和βa2，γ松弛出现在较低的温度下（－100℃）。所有这些松弛都反映了纤维素中结构的不均匀性。在无定形区域内，就存在两种类型的无定形区，一种是分子内红键高度作用而分子间氢键作用较少的无定形区，另一种是分子间氢健高度作用而分子内氢键作用较少的区域。

This paper attempts to bring together basic and complex informaion which has beengathered on cellulosic viscoelasticity over the last few decades. Because of the complicated struc-ture, cellulose has a complicated viscoelasticity. First, the cellulosic viscoelasticity has a largelydependence on water-contained amount. The existence of waer in cellulose brings about sometransihons. Second, in cellulose, there are two types of water molecules. One is the waer moleculestightly-bond with cellulosic micromolecules. Another is the loosely-bond water moecules.Third, in the curve of dynandc viscoelasticity of cellulose, many absorptions(transitikons) occur in-cluding α,β, and γ relaxations. a relaxation consists of α1, α2, αsh,αH2o, α3 relaxations.β relaxationconsists of βal,βa2 relaxations. Fourth, all aboye transitions reflects the structural heterogeneity ofcellulose.