添加表面活性剂减阻的试验研究

The Experimental Study of a Drag Reducing Surfactant in the Fluid

本文对工业用１８３１（主要成分为氯化三甲基十六、十八烷基铵的混合物，表示式为ＣｎＴＡＣ（ｎ＝１６，１８））阳离子表面活性剂与水扬酸钠（ＮａＳａｌ）复配水溶液的减阻特性进行了研究。试验装置为内径１６ｍｍ不锈钢管的封闭循环系统。Ｒｅ为１０４～５×１０４属湍流区域。试验结果表明，ＣｎＴＡＣ（ｎ＝１６，１８）ＮａＳａｌ溶液表现出了良好的减阻效果，随着复配液浓度的增加，减阻效果增大。在一定流速范围内ＣｎＴＡＣ（ｎ＝１６，１８）／ＮａＳａｌ溶液存在最佳减阻温度，随着流速向高的区域增加，最佳减阻温度有增加的趋势。ＣｎＴＡＣ（ｎ＝１６，１８）与ＮａＳａｌ最佳减阻配比为１∶１（质量比）。长链、柔顺性好的线状胶束的生成可能是存在最佳减阻配比的根本原因。电解质ＮａＣｌ对ＣｎＴＡＣ（ｎ＝１６，１８）／ＮａＳａｌ溶液的减阻效果有显著的影响，随着ＮａＣｌ浓度的增加，该溶液减阻效果明显提高，高浓度ＮａＣｌ存在下的ＣｎＴＡＣ（ｎ＝１６，１８）／ＮａＳａｌ溶液可能是一种有实用价值的潜在减阻剂。

In this paper,the drag reduction behavior of a surfactant-counterion mixture is investigated.The experimental apparatus is closed circular system with 16mm pipe diameter,the experimental flow regime is turbulent with Reynolds number 10 4～5×10 4,the results show that,the mixture of cationic surfactant C n TAC( n =16,18)and counterion sodium salicylate NaSal is a very good drag reducing additive,the drag reduction increases with increasing C n TAC( n =16,18)/NaSal concentration,there is maximum effective temperature for drag reduction within a certain velocity region,the maximum effective temperature increases with increasing velocity,The optimum mass ratio of NaSal to C n ATC( n =16,18)for drag reduction is 1∶1,the length of chain and flexibility of rod-like micellar may be the main factors to determine the optimum ratio.Inorganic electrolyte sodium chloride NaCl has great effect on drag reduction of C n TAC/NaSal system,the drag reduction increases with increasing NaCl concentration,C n TAC( n =16,18)/NaSal with higer concentration NaCl may be a potential practical drag reducing additive.