不同水平应力对巷道稳定性的模拟研究

Numerical Simulation of Effect of Horizontal Stresses at Different Levels on Stability of Roadways

水平构造应力是影响巷道围岩稳定的重要因素之一,通过相似材料模拟试验和数值模拟方法研究不同水平应力作用下锚杆支护巷道以及无支护条件下巷道围岩变形破坏特征.物理模拟较好的反映了巷道顶板的冒落和底板的鼓起状况,数值模拟反映巷道周围塑性范围和应力分布.模拟结果表明,随着水平应力增加,水平应力向巷道顶底板深部传递的趋势明显,导致巷道底鼓及褶皱形破坏,顶板剪切变形及楔形冒落.顶底板变形破坏大于巷道两帮的变形破坏.因此,高水平应力作用下,巷道顶底板是巷道控制的重点.锚网索喷一次支护配合长环形U钢支架二次支护是解决高水平应力作用下巷道支护的有效手段之一.

Tectonic stress is one of the important factors affecting the stability of surrounding rock of roadway.Stability and damage characters of bolted and unsupported roadways are studied by means of physical and numerical simulation tests at different levels of the horizontal stress.Roof failure and floor heave are well reflected by physical tests and plastic zone and stress distribution are revealed by numerical tests.The tests shows that the acute trends of horizontal stress migrate from shallow zone to deep zone,resulting in heave,fold damage of floor,shear deformation,and wedge shape failure in roof.Damage zone in roof and floor is greater than that of the two sides of the wall.Therefore,roof and floor are the important zones to surrounding rock pressure control.Primary support with bolt,mesh wire,and anchor cable coorporated with secondary support with rectangular ring U-steel support is one of the effective means to support of roadways on the condition of high horizontal stress.