慢性咳嗽264例病因分析

Analysis of 264 Cases with Chronic Cough

目的探讨慢性咳嗽的病因构成,为经验性诊治慢性咳嗽提供依据。方法遵循慢性咳嗽病因诊断程序对264例患者确定病因诊断。结果慢性咳嗽的病因依次为:咳嗽变异性哮喘96例(34.6%)、上呼吸道咳嗽综合征/鼻后滴流综合征82例(31.1%)、嗜酸细胞性支气管炎26例(9.8%)、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂相关性咳嗽14例(5.3%)、变应性咳嗽10例(3.8%)、慢性支气管炎8例(3.0%)、胃食管反流性咳嗽4例(1.5%)、病因不确定24例(9.1%)。结论本市慢性咳嗽的主要病因构成为咳嗽变异性哮喘、上气道咳嗽综合征/鼻后滴流综合症、嗜酸细胞性支气管炎、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂相关性咳嗽。各种慢性咳嗽都具有一定的临床特征,慢性咳嗽的病因构成和临床特征可为其治疗提供依据。

Objeetive To discuss the causes of chronic cough and provide the basis of empirical diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough. Methods A total of 264 patients were diagnosed with chron- ic cough based on the protocol,which included medical history,medical examination and selective examinations,such as X-ray,PEF,routine blood test,CRP,EOS,serum IgE,sputum cytology classification,and X-ray examination of nasal sinus. Results The causes of chronic cough included cough variable asthma（ CVA） in 96 patients（ 36. 4% ） ,upper airway cough syndrome/postnasal drip syndrome in 82（ 31. 1% ） ,eosinophilic bronchitis in 26（ 9. 8% ） ,ACEI related chronic cough in 14（ 5. 3% ） ,allergic cough in 10（ 3. 8% ） ,the chronic bronchitis in 8（ 3. 0% ） ,gastroesophageal reflux induced cough in 4（ 1. 5% ） ,unknown causes in 24（ 9% ） . Conclusion The main causes composition of chronic cough in this city consisted of cough variable asthma,upper airway cough syndrome/postnasal drip syndrome, eosinophilic bronchitis,ACEI related chronic cough,allergic cough,chronic bronchitis and gastroesophageal reflux induced cough. Every cause had its specific clinical characteristics. The composition of causes and clinical characteristics of chronic cough might provide the basis of empirical treatment of chronic cough.