全社会教育总投入:教育发展的核心指标

Education Input:The Primary Goal of Educational Development

教育经费是教育事业改革和发展的物质基础。改革以来我国的教育投入总体上呈现快速增长趋势,但财政性教育经费占GDP4%的目标迟迟未能实现。从未来十年教育经费需求看,4%的投入并不足以支撑我国各级各类教育的发展。因此,必须创新全社会各方激励相容的投入机制,发挥政府和市场"两只手"的互补作用,发挥中央和地方"两个积极性"的合力作用,发挥国家和社会"两个伙伴"的合作作用,逐步实现"两个比重"不断提高的目标:一是不断提高财政性教育投入占GDP比重,在2020年至少达到4.5%;二是不断提高企业、社会团体和私人等非政府的多渠道教育投入占GDP比重,争取达到2.5%。

The financial input is critical to the educational reform and development. Although the educational input has increased over these years,government investment in education to gross domestic product has been lower than 4%. In the following decade,even 4% of GDP is not enough to support educational development in China As such,it is necessary to launch initiatives to increase financial inputs. For instance,it needs to complement the governmental investment with market-based initiative,align the central governmental inputs with the local governmental inputs,and advocate a variety of funding sources from society. With these initiatives,we can reach two primary goals gradually：government investment in education amounts to 4.5% of gross domestic product by 2020,increasing 1.2% compared with the percentage in 2008; increasing the financial contribution from non-governmental sources such as companies,associations,as well as individuals,making the non-governmental funding accounting for 2.5% of GDP by 2020.