基于学期测试结果的来华留学生个体差异研究

Individual Differences among Second Language Learners of Chinese:A View from Their Term Examinations

本文以北京语言大学汉语进修学院357名"零起点"留学生为样本,以汉语综合课学期测试成绩为标准,逐项考量留学生在性别、年龄、母语和地域等不可控因素方面及出勤情况、是否为奖学金学生、学生受教育程度等方面表现出的个体学习差异。统计结果表明:在学期测试中,(1)女生成绩优于男生成绩,且差异明显;(2)年龄因素稍有影响,但从整体来看不是造成学习者成绩差异的主要因素;(3)不同母语学习者成绩有明显差异;(4)不同地域的学习者成绩差异显著;(5)出勤率越高,学生成绩越好;(6)奖学金学生的成绩不如非奖学金学生(自费生);(7)学生受教育程度对学习成绩影响不大。

In this paper, we investigated whether individual differences among second lan- guage learners of Chinese, such as gender, the class, scholarship status and education age, first language background, region, presence rate of background, would affect their term examination results of comprehensive Chinese. We found that among the 375 students we tested in the College of Advanced Chinese Training their examination results vary to these different factors. The main findings are as follows： （i） female students have significantly higher scores than male students; （ii） there is a slight age effect, but this effect is insignificant; （iii） students of different first language backgrounds performed differently in the test; （iv） students from different regions behaved differently in the test; （v） students with higher presence rates performed better than students with lower presence rates; （vi） scholarship recipients scored lower than non-scholarship recipients; and （vii） there is no significant effect of education background.