两种按蚊共存地区控制间日疟效果的纵向观察

LONGITUDINAL OBSERVATION ON THE CONTROL IMPACT ON VIVAX MALARIA IN THE COHABITED AREAS OF AN. SINENSIS AND AN. ANTHROPOPHAGUS

为探索进一步控制和降低两种按蚊共存地区间日疟发病率的措施，选择六合县马鞍乡为纵向观察试点，采取灭蚊与传染源查治措施的不同组合，观察１９９１～１９９６年的年发病率、发热病人血检阳性率、小学生疟原虫阳性率、间接荧光抗体（ＩＦＡ）阳性率、按蚊种群比例和密度等指标的变化情况。结果在采取灭蚊措施时，年发病率出现明显下降；当无灭蚊措施时，则发病率回升。发热病人血检阳性率、ＩＦＡ阳性率和年发病率的变化基本吻合。结果表明：两种按蚊共存地区，采取灭蚊措施能有效地控制间日疟发病率，除年发病率外，发热病人血检疟原虫阳性率和ＩＦＡ阳性率也可用于评价不同防治措施的效果。

In order to search for control measures to further decline incidence of vivax malaria in the cohabited areas of An. sinensis and An. anthropophagus . The different combination of control measures such as mosquito elimination and cases detection and treatment were implemented in Maan Township, Luhe county which was selected as longitudinal observation pilot from 1991 to 1996. The annual incidence, positive rate of blood examination in fever cases, parasite positive rate in blood examination in children and IFA positive rate in children were observed. The annual incidence was decreased significantly when the mosquito control measure was conducted, and vice versa. The fluctuation of three observation indexes ,such as annual incidence, positive rate of blood examination in fever cases, IFA positive rate, were matched with each other. The combined measures of mosquito elimination and cases detection and treatment can effectively control the incidence of vivax malaria in the cohabited areas of An. sinensis and An. anthropophagus . And except for the annual incidence, the two indexes, positive rate of blood examination in fever cases and IFA positive rate, could be used in evaluation of malaria control measures.