唐宋墓葬中的观风鸟研究

A Study of Tomb-figurines of Birds in Tang and Song Graves

唐宋时期随着佛道思想对丧葬习俗的影响,风水堪舆术流行,墓葬中随葬神煞类明器也成为当时的特色。观风鸟是众多神煞明器中的一种。本文搜集了隋唐到两宋墓葬中出土的观风鸟,并采用考古类型学的方法,对观风鸟进行了型式的划分,在此基础上,进一步探讨了其流行的时代特征和地域特色,并分析了出土观风鸟墓的墓主身份,再现了唐宋时期的丧葬制度和明器制度。

In the Tang and Song Dynasty, because of the influence of Buddism and Taoism on the custom of burying the deceased, the skill of judging whether the geomantic omen is good or not was popularized ; moreover, the burial goods which frighten off evil spir- its were buried in the tombs in this period. Guanfengniao is one of the many burial goods which frightens off evil spirits. In this paper, I have collected Guanfenguiao excavated from the graves which are those from the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Southern and Northern Song Dynasty. the paper makes a systematic study on the classification and periodization , explores the periods when they are fashionable and the characteristics in different areas, illuminates the position of grave burial master , and vividly reappears the burial and burial goods systems.