蚕蛹油提取、精炼及其脂肪酸组成分析

Extraction,refining and fatty acid composition analysis of Silkworm chrysalis oil

采用溶剂浸提法研究了从蚕蛹中提取蚕蛹油的工艺。考察了溶剂用量、浸提时间、浸提温度等因素对蚕蛹油得率的影响,正交试验法得到优化条件为:溶剂用量4 mL/g,浸提时间2 h,浸提温度40℃。在此优化条件下,蚕蛹油得率为23.34%。蚕蛹油精炼的最佳工艺为:酸法脱胶,14%碱液脱酸,4%脱色白土(Ⅱ号)脱色。该条件下精炼油得率为53.1%,蚕蛹油呈透明的金黄色,酸值、碘值均符合蚕蛹油标准。对精炼蚕蛹油的脂肪酸分析表明,油中含有38.3%的油酸、30.2%的亚麻酸。

The technology of oil extraction from Silkworm chrysalis was studied.The effects of solvent dosage,extraction time and extraction temperature on the oil yield were studied,and the optimal conditions were determined by orthogonal experiment.The results were as follows：solvent dosage 4 mL/g,extraction time 2 h,extraction temperature 40℃.Under the conditions,the yield of Silkworm chrysalis oil was 23.34%.The refining technics were also studied,and the optimal parameters were as follows：degumming with acid,neutralization with 14% alkali solution,bleaching with 4% activated clay（Ⅱ）.The yield of refined oil was 53.1%.The refined oil was observed to be golden and transparent,and its acid value and iodine value met the acceptable standard values.The fatty acid composition analysis showed that the oleic acid and linolenic acid content were 38.3% and 30.2%,respectively.