植物根结线虫基因组学研究进展

Research progress in genomics of root-knot nematodes(Meloidogyne spp.)

根结线虫是世界农业生产中危害最大的植物病原之一,目前仍缺乏安全有效的防治措施。深入揭示寄生线虫与植物之间互作的分子机制,利用生物技术进行抗性育种被认为是最有前景的抗线虫策略。在根结线虫基因组学研究方面,目前已经构建了北方根结线虫AFLP遗传连锁图谱,南方根结线虫和北方根结线虫基因组测序也已完成;基因组的注释和比较基因组学分析,较全面地描述了根结线虫的遗传组成;以差异表达分析和比较基因组学为主的方法鉴定了大量的重要基因;以RNA干扰、植物转化和蛋白互作为主的根结线虫基因功能研究也取得了一些进展。本文就根结线虫基因组学研究予以综述,并进一步探讨其研究方向和可持续抗线虫新策略的发展前景。

Root-knot nematode（RKN） is one of the most destructive plant pathogens in the world-wide agriculture production,and there is no effective and environmentally safe method available to control this disease.Exploring the molecular mechanism of the interaction between parasitic nematodes and host plants will con-tribute to resistance breeding by biotechnology,which was considered to be the most promising novel strategy.In the research on genomics,An AFLP genetic linkage map of Meloidogyne hapla was constructed and the genome sequence had been completed for M.incognita and M.hapla.The genomic composition of RKNs was revealed by genome annotation and comparative genomics research.Large-scale identification of important genes from RKNs was processed based on the analysis of difference expression patterns and comparative genomics approach.Significant progress in functional genomics research of RKNs has been made by application of RNA interference,transgenic plant and the approaches of protein-protein interactions.This article reviewed the recent progress on RKNs genomics,discussed the orientation of genomics in future and the prospect of novel strategies for sustainable control of nematode.