水稻不同籼粳分化类型的光合特性比较与遗传分析

Photosynthetic characteristics and genetic analysis of different types rice of indica-japonica′s differentiation

本文比较分析了水稻不同籼粳分化类型材料在抽穗期和成熟期的净光合速率、水分蒸腾速率、气孔导度等反映光合作用特性的性状指标.本研究基于分子聚类结果选出8个育成恢复系,与生产上大面积推广应用的8个水稻不育系,按不完全双列杂交设计(8×8)组配成一套包括亲本和F1代在内的2个世代遗传材料,采用加性—显性遗传模型(AD模型)系统分析了不同类型材料光合特性表现的遗传效应及与产量性状间的遗传相关性.结果表明:(1)不同籼粳分化类型品种的光合生理特性存在差异,籼型品种在齐穗期光合速率较高,成熟期光合作用明显减弱;粳型品种在成熟期仍然保持一定的光合作用,光合功能期较长.(2)不同分化类型的恢复系亲本及所配组合F1产量和主要光合特性的性状指标的表型值存在较大差异,受基因加性和显性效应的影响.(3)主要光合特性的遗传率分析表明,除成熟期的水分利用率不显著外,其余光合特性指标均达到显著或极显著差异水平.

In this paper,the net photosynthetic rate（Pnmax）,the rate of water transpiration（TRAN）,stomatal conductance（COND）,and other traits of indica-japonica′s differentiation of different types of materials in the heading and maturity stages were studied by comparative analysis,which reflect the characteristics of indicators of photosynthesis.Based on the molecule clustering result,8 cultivated restorer lines,which matched with 8 rice male sterile lines applying in big area in production,were selected.According to imperfection double cross design（8×8）,a suit of genetic materials including 2 generations of parents and F1 was selected.With the addictive-dominant genetic model（AD model） and statistical analysis methods（SAM）,the performance of the genetic effect of different type′s materials photosynthetic characteristics and genetic correlation of the yield traits were analyzed systematically.The main research results are as follows.（1） There are differences in many photosynthetic physiological characteristics of different differentiation varieties,Indica has the higher Pnmax in the full heading time,photosynthesis of indica weakened obviously in maturity;while Japonica still maintains a certain photosynthesis in maturity with the longer photosynthetic function period.（2） Significant differences in the phenotypic value of yield and main photosynthetic characteristics are existed between the two generation of different restorer lines and F1,which are both affected by additive and dominant effects.（3） The heritability analysis of main photosynthetic characteristics showed that except the heritability of WUE in maturity,the other photosynthetic characteristics have a significant or very significant level.