闽江口琅岐岛景观空间结构特征分析

Analysis of landscape spatial structure of Landqi island in Minjiang estuary

基于RS和GIS技术,运用景观生态学原理,选取最大斑块指数、景观形状指数、边界密度、斑块分维数、破碎度指数、景观多样性指数、优势度指数、均匀度指数等指标,分析了闽江口琅岐岛景观空间分布和空间结构特征,探讨了该地区人类活动与景观结构之间的关系.结果表明:琅岐岛区域整体空间构架表现为环带组合形式;在景观要素上,农业景观共有5203.89 hm2,占总面积的78%,是该区的本底,在控制景观整体结构、功能和动态过程中起主导作用;林地具有最大的斑块面积,耕地景观要素边界密度最大,破碎化程度较高;景观多样性指数为1.5745,景观优势度和均匀度数据表明少数景观要素控制着整个景观;该区景观整体破碎度为0.0035,其景观整体较为完整,无明显破碎化现象.

Based on the technology of RS and GIS,the largest patch index,patch density,landscape shape index,edge density,patch fractal dimension,fragmentation index,diversity index,dominance index and evernness index were calculated,to analyze the landscape spatial structure of Landqi island in Minjiang Estuary. The results showed that landscape spatial structure was zonal combination form on regional integral space framework;the landscape element of agriculture had 5203.89 hectare which was 78 percentage of the whole island area,agricultural landscape played a key role in controlling landscape structure,function and dynamic processes;forest land had the largest patch area,the edge density of cultivated land was the largest,and the degree of fragmentation was the highest;the landscape diversity index was 1.5745,the whole landscape was controlled by a few landscape elements,the fragmentation index was 0.0035,the degree of landscape fragment was smaller.