岩静脉的解剖学特征及临床意义

Applied anatomy of petrosal vein and its clinical significance

目的：为临床桥脑小脑角区的手术提供岩静脉的应用解剖学资料。方法：经甲醛固定的成人头部标本２６例，手术显微镜下解剖观察岩静脉形态、行径及其与三叉神经的毗邻关系。结果：①岩静脉有１～３支，长度２．９±２．０ｍｍ，外径２．３±１．０ｍｍ；②岩静脉位于三叉神经根背外方者占９２．５％；岩静脉与神经根的最短距离５．０±３．８ｍｍ，最长距离７．１±４．１ｍｍ；静脉对神经根有压迫的占１５．４％；③岩静脉距横窦与乙状窦交角处的距离为３１．１±５．２ｍｍ。结论：岩静脉与三叉神经根关系密切，可压迫三叉神经根引起三叉神经痛。

Objective:To provide anatomical basis of petrosal vein for operation within cellelumpontine angle.Methods:The morphology, course and syntopy of petrosal vein were studied on 26 adult head specimens.Results:①The petrosal vein was 1～3 in number,2.9±2.0 mm in length and 2.3±1.0 mm in diameter. ②The vein was mostly (92.5%) dorsolateral to the trigeminal nerve root, 15.4% of then compressed the nerve root.The distance between the vein and the nerve root ranged from 5.0±3.8 mm to 7.1±4.1 mm.③The distance from the petrosal vein to the meeting point of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses was 31.1 ±5.2 mm.Conclusions:The petrosal vein had a close relationship to the trigeminal nerve root, which might cause trigeminal neuralgia.