第三脑室三维断层影像解剖学及其临床意义

Three dimensional sectional image anatomy of the third ventricle and its clinical significance

目的：为第三脑室区域临床影像学诊断和肿瘤的外科手术提供解剖学资料。方法：在１５具成人尸体头部的固定标本上，采用ＭＪ—３４６Ｂ型电动带锯每隔０．５ｃｍ作第三脑室横断、冠断和矢状断连续切片，观测了第三脑室的形态、大小、位置、毗邻关系和手术入路的径线值等。结果：第三脑室横径为１．９±２．７ｍｍ，上下径即穹窿体下缘中点至下丘脑沟中点间距为１４．１±２．７ｍｍ，前后径即室间孔至中脑水管上口间距为２３．９±２．７ｍｍ，其外侧壁的表面积为２７６～６７７ｍｍ２；松果体位于四叠体池内，长×宽×高约为７ｍｍ×７ｍｍ×３ｍｍ，略偏向左侧。结论：第三脑室前部入路优于后部入路，丘脑所占第三脑室侧壁面积大于下丘脑，下丘脑沟以上术中操作相对安全；

Objective: To provide tomographic data for clinical image diagnosis and surgery of third ventricle Methods:The morphology, size,location, syntony and surgical approach of the third ventricle were observed and messured on continuously horizontal, sagittal and coranal sections of 15 adult specimens.Results:The transverse, supero inferiorior and antero posterioer diameters of third ventricle are 1.9±2.7 mm, 14.1±2.7 mm and 23.9±2.7 mm respectively, and the surface area of lateral wall was 276～677 mm 2.The pineal body was 7 mm long, 7 mm wide and 3 mm high and lied in the quadrige minal pool.Conclusions:The anterior approath of third ventricle was better than the posterior approath.The third ventricle could be clearly showed on three dimensional sections.