土壤中拟除虫菊酯微生物降解研究

On Microbial Degradation of Pyrethroids in Soil

微生物降解是拟除虫菊酯类农药从土壤中消去的主要途径。本文介绍了拟除虫菊酯降解菌的分离鉴定、降解基因的克隆以及微生物降解机理研究的近期成果,综合介绍了拟除虫菊酯异构体选择降解的特征、原因以及可能产生的环境效应,重点分析了农药疏水性、土壤吸附、重金属、土壤养分及长期施肥、共存农药对土壤中拟除虫菊酯微生物降解的影响,最后对土壤微生物修复前景进行了展望。

Microbial degradation is the main way of eliminating pyrethroid residues from soil. This paper introduced recent achievements of isolating and identifying pyrcthroid-degrading strains, cloning gene of pyrethroid-degrading enzyme and exploring the mechanism of microbial degradation, gave a general introduction of characteristic, reason and possible environmental response of stereoselective degradation of pyrethroid isomers in soil, analyzed emphatically factors like hydrophobicity of pesticide, adsorption by soil, heavy metal, soil nutrient, long-term fertilization and co-existing pesticide that affect microbial degradation ofpyrethroids, and discussed the prospect for bioremediation with microbes.