松嫩平原湖泊水化学特征研究

The Hydrochemical Characteristic of Lakes in Songnen Plain

于2008年6～8月,对松嫩平原27个湖泊进行了调查并采集了水样,分析了水样的水化学基本参数,包括8个阴、阳离子(HCO3-、CO32-、C1-、SO42-、K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+)、电导率、透明度和pH。研究结果显示,松嫩平原湖泊多为HCO3-Na型水,绝大部分水体pH高于8.0,水体较高的pH对应其较高的盐分含量,因此水体呈现盐碱化的特征,并且水体透明度普遍偏低,多数低于0.5 m。人类活动,如引水工程,对湖泊的水化学组成产生明显影响。

In summer of 2008,27 lakes were surveyed in Songnen Plain in Northeast China.Lake water was sampled and analyzed including basic parameters（HCO-3,CO32-,C1-,SO42-,K＋,Na＋,Ca2＋,Mg2＋）,conductivity,transparency,pH etc.It was found that the majority of the water of these lakes was categorized into HCO3-Na type.pH of the water was more than 8.0 in most of these investigated lakes.And higher pH of the water was corresponding to higher salt content that showed the characteristics of salinity of the lakes.Water transparencys were generally lower and were less than 0.5 m in these lakes.In most of the lakes,the proportion of Na＋ was up to 54%-98%（molar ratio） among 4 cations.Compared with the historical data,there was an alkaline trend of the water of the lakes in Songnen Plain.It was concluded that human activities such as water transfer projects had great effect on change of chemical composition of the water of 27 lakes in Songnen Plain.