《虬髯客传》之故事及版本衍变新论

Biography of Qiu Ranke(《虬髯客传》):Some New Comments on Its Story and Edition Evolution

从史志目录将《虬髯客传》归入"传记"看,据唐人苏鹗《苏氏演义》记载,结合其产生的时代背景,通过比对《太平广记》《唐语林》《顾氏文房小说》及《神仙感遇传》引《虬鬚客》诸本,知《虬髯客传》最初以带有传奇色彩之传记类型流传,经历了由权力上层流传至民间广传等过程,并分化成两种流传版本:一是,以《广记》本始流为小说类成一系,衍变为《唐语林》《顾氏文房小说》等,并随诸多小说类书的刊刻而为社会通行本。一是,约略于苏鹗所见"近世本"向《广记》本过渡时或更早,以杜光庭据流传初本编改成道教传扬本《虬鬚客》为一系,此系未曾广为流传。

Based on records in some historical literatures,writing background and comparison of editions in Taiping Guangji（《太平广记》）,Tang Yulin（《唐语林》）,Gushi Wenfang Xiaoshuo（《顾氏文房小说》）and Shenxian Ganyu Zhuan（《神仙感遇传》）,we can see that Biography of Qiu Ranke（《虬髯客传》） is originally a legendary biographical works that is spread from ruling stratum to civilians.It is differentiated into two editions： one is the novel series changed from the edition in Taiping Guangji（《太平广记》） and evolves to be Tang Yulin（《唐语林》） and Gushi Wenfang Xiaoshuo（《顾氏文房小说》）,which becomes a popular edition with the printing of novels;the other is the series of Qiu Ranke（《虬须客》） for Taoism spread adapted by Du Guangting from the original popular edition when or before Su E see the recent edition.The latter series has not been widely spread.