1997-2008年连云港市乙型肝炎发病趋势分析

Incidence Trend of Hepatitis B in Lianyungang,1997-2008

目的分析连云港市乙肝发病趋势,为制订科学防治对策提供依据。方法用Epiinfo3.3.2软件对1997-2008年乙肝报告发病数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 12年间共报告乙肝病例9483例,报告发病率从1997年的24.69/10万下降到2008年的9.86/10万,下降了60.1%,趋势检验有统计学意义(χ^(2trend)=78.00,P<0.01);其中15岁以下儿童以下乙肝报告发病率由1997年的12.45/10万,下降到2008年的0.57/10万,下降了95.4%。乙肝报告发病率高发的新浦区和连云区分别下降了92.7%、80.5%,赣榆县下降了17.2%。55.1%的病例是农民,12.6%是学生,散居儿童(1.2%)多于幼托儿童(0.3%),商业服务人员仅占1.3%。乙肝疫苗调查接种率(除2001年外)均在90%以上。急性乙肝报告病例诊断率逐年提高,由2006年的17.1%上升到2008年的59.2%;未分类逐年下降,由2006年的70.0%下降到2008年的15.5%。结论该市乙肝发病逐年呈现下降趋势,在提高新生儿出生后首针接种及时率同时,应加强农村人群和重点人群的乙肝免疫工作,确保实现《2006-2010年全国乙型病毒性肝炎防治规划》的目标。

Objective To analyze the incidence trend of hepatitis B in Lianyungang from 1997 to 2008 and provide scientific evidence for hepatitis B prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis on the incidence data of hepatitis B in Lianyungang during this period were conducted by using Epi info 3.3.2.Results A total of 9483 cases of hepatitis B were reported from 1997 to 2008,the incidence was 24.69 /105 in 1997,and 9.86 /105 in 2008,which declined by 60.1%,the difference was significance（χ^2trend= 78.00,P 0.01）.The incidence among children aged 15 years was 12.45 /105 in 1997 and 0.57 /105 in 2008,which declined by 95.4%.The incidence in Xinpu and Lianyun districts declined by 92.7%,80.5% respectively,and by 17.2% in Ganyu county.Up to 55.1% of the cases were farmers,12.6% were students,1.2% were the children living separately,0.3% were the children in child care settings and 1.3% were the people engaged in commercial service.The vaccination rates of hepatitis B vaccine were all over 90%（86.6% in 2001）.The proportion of acute hepatitis B cases increased from 17.1% in 2006 to 59.2% in 2008 and the proportion of unclassified hepatitis B cases declined from 70.0% in 2006 to 15.5% in 2008.Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis B declined in Lianyungang during 1997-2008.It is necessary to strengthen hepatitis B immunization among rural area population and risk population besides the timely vacci-nation of hepatitis B for the newborns to reach the goal set by ＂National hepatitis B prevention and control program,2006-2010＂.