探究法治实现的理论——法律方法论的学科群建构

Study on the Realization of Law System——Construction of Discipline Groups of Legal Methodology

为法治寻找实现的路径是法律方法论研究的任务之一。然而,作为实践哲学的法律方法论并不是法律人办案的行动方案,是一种理论形态,描述的仍然是法律思维方式。对法律思维的研究需要运用综合性的方法,这是因为即使是通过法律的治理也是多途径的。从理论上看,哲学的、逻辑的、语言的、修辞的和解释的方法都对法律判断有着重要的影响,法律方法理论体系的建构需要这些学科的支持。从法科人士研习法律方法论的过程来看,作为方法论的法律哲学、法治所需要的法律逻辑学、法律修辞学、法律语言学和指引司法活动的法律解释学等学科,构成了法律方法论的基础理论体系。这些学科既提出了法治所需要的客观性、合法性、合理性以及对创造性的限制等理论,也在一定程度上探寻这些理论实现的途径。在学科交叉的意义上,法律方法论的研究既可以拓宽专业领域,也可以积淀深厚而广泛的理论基础。

To find the path to achieve the law is one missions of the legal methodology. However, as a practical philosophy,law methodology is not the course of action for legal person to handle the case,but a form of theory and what it describes is still legal thinking. Comprehensive approaches are needed to study legal thinking, because even governance through the law is also of multi-approach. In theory, philosophical, logical, lingual, rhetorical and interpretative methods have an important effect on the law, and the construction of legal method theory system needs the support of these disciplines. From the process of law people＇ s study on legal methodology, such disciplines as the methodology legal philosophy, disciplines of legal logic, legal rhetoric and legal linguistics required in law system, and judicial hermeneutics guiding law activities, form the basic theory system of legal methodology. These disciplines not only have raised such theory of objectivity, legality, rationality, and constraints on creativity, but also have explored ways to realize these theories to some extent. In the interdisciplinary sense, the study on legal methodology can both broaden areas of expertise, and accumulate in-depth and broad theoretical basis.