试析20世纪初中国思想界的社会主义大论战

On the Polemic about Socialism in Early 20th Century

20世纪初,分别以梁启超为首的君主立宪派和以孙中山为首的革命派就中国要不要、能不能进行社会主义革命以及到底以何种方式来挽救中国的问题,展开了激烈的论战。从严格意义说,这次论战的本质是资产阶级的不同派别关于要改良还是要革命的论争,其中社会主义论争只是为了佐证各自的政治立场服务的,而且论战双方对社会主义究竟为何物,都存在着明显的认知上的不足。但通过这次论战,促进了社会主义思潮在中国的广泛传播。

At the beginning of the 20th century,the constitutional monarchnists headed by Liang Qichao and the revolutionists headed by Sun Yatsen had a fierce polemic about whether China should and could have a socialist revolution,and in which way China should be saved.Strictly speaking,the essence of the polemic was a debate among different capitalist schools about whether China needed a reform or a revolution.Their debate about socialism served for their political stances.As to what is socialism,both sides had some apparent defects.However,this polemic about socialism greatly promoted the spread of the thinking trend of socialism in China.