地理信息科学方法论的理论体系研究

Research on theoretic system of geo-information science methodology

地理信息科学是地理学的一个分支,其方法论研究受到科学哲学和地理学方法论的指导,同时也从大量的该学科研究成果、工程项目和软硬件产品中提炼的案例中总结和归纳而来。本文在本学科的时代需求和国家前瞻布局的背景下开展研究。首先阐述了地理信息科学方法论的哲学观和实用观,提出了研究中应该处理好的六个关系;其次,建立了方法论的结构体系,由地理信息本体论、六个科学方法和七个技术方法组成;再次,分析和论证了地理信息的本体特征及其与方法论的关系,最后讨论了地理信息科学方法论的创新机制和策略。

Geo-information Science is one of the branches of Geography. Its methodology, on the one hand, is instructed by both scientific philosophy and methodology of geography, and on the other hand, is the result of summarizing and induction from plenty of scientific research achievements, projects, information products and large quantity of examples. The research is launched on the background of scientific developing need and national scientific planning. In this paper, the philosophical and practical conception of Geoinformation Science Methodology was expounded at first, including six relationship points during the research. Secondly, the methodology system was set up, including three parts, i.e. , geographic information ontology, six scientific methods and seven technological methods. Thirdly, features of geographic information ontology and its relationship with methodology were analyzed. Finally, the innovation mechanism and strategy of geo-information science methodology was discussed.