雕塑的意义——一种生存论的穿透性解读方式

Significance of Sculpture:A Penetrating Interpretation Approach of Existence

一个文明的灵魂,是指其生命整体所展现的形态,一个文明的艺术现象,往往最真切地象征了其灵魂状态。雕塑艺术的先验形式及造型要素的逻辑变化,往往是一个文明的灵魂形态衍变轨迹的最有力印证之一;尽管这其中还要涉及音乐、宗教、建筑、绘画甚至数学、天文学等等。现代社会已为我们提供了有关中外雕塑艺术的大量书籍与资料。但是由于现代信息社会使我们了解得太多,加之研究领域的广泛,而使得每一个具体的研究范畴成为相对独立的对象,这种专业化的过程在增加我们的艺术史各方面知识的同时也产生了不良影响。它把理应统一并置的艺术图景进行了人为的分类与割裂。这便提出了比较的需求。比较之所以可行,是基于"人性一致的原则"。人类共同心理的相似活动可以说明为什么在这地球上许多彼此远离的地方和互不交往的人群当中,都会出"图腾崇拜"、"外婚制"和"斋戒"等信仰与制度。在这种"同一性"中的"特殊性",恰恰要在比较中才能厘清。在雕塑语言最深处闪烁着的是人类灵魂向往永恒的微茫之光。我们必须自我培养出一种整体性的思考方式和比较的研究方法,这样才能使我们对不同文明及艺术形式所隐含的人类生存本质规律,有一个准确的把握,从而完成"我们生存的链环"。

The soul of a civilization refers to the form shown by its life as a whole. Artistic phenomena of a civilization often truly symbolize the state of its soul. The logical transformation of its transcendental forms and modeling elements is often one of the most powerful evidence of the soul transformation of a civilization, though it also concerns music, religion, architecture, painting, even mathematics and astronomy, etc. Modern society has already provided us with a lot of books and materials on Chinese and foreign sculpture art. However, as the modern information society make us know too much, every concrete study field has become relatively individual object. Such a specialization process, on the one hand, increases our knowledge on various aspects of art history; on the other hand, exerts bad influence. It deliberately classifies and divides the art vision which should be integrat- ed, which presents the requirement of comparison. The feasibility of comparison is based on the ＂ principle of human uniformity＂. Similar activities of common human psychology can explain why there are faith and institutions such as ＂ totem worship＂ , ＂ exogamy＂ and ＂ fasting＂ among various peoples who are far away from each other and have no com- munication. The ＂ uniqueness＂ within ＂ uniformity＂ can only be clarified in comparison. In the innermost part of sculpture language shines the twilight of human soul longing for eternity. We must cultivate by ourselves an integrated thinking approach and comparative approach ; only in this way can we precisely master the basic principle of human existence hidden in different civilizations and art forms so as to complete ＂ our surviving circle＂.