福康安与乾隆末中安宗藩关系的修复

Fu Kangan and the Restoration of Suzerain Vassal Relationship Between the Qing Dynasty and Vietnam in the Later Period of Qianlong Emperor

乾隆末的中安宗藩关系屡经波折,频受考验,至乾隆五十三年至五十四年,更跌入深渊,见诸兵戎,中安宗藩关系中断近两年之久,成为清代中安关系史上的一件憾事。但两国有着悠久的传统友谊,双方友好交往的愿望是真诚的、强烈的。因此中安宗藩关系在双方的共同努力下于乾隆五十五年解冻回春,全面修复。但中安宗藩关系的修复非一蹴而就。在这一过程中,时任两广总督的福康安力肩重任,秉乾隆之命,实心办事,确立务实的安南问题处理方针,与阮惠进行外交斡旋,打破僵局,在保存清朝颜面的前提下赢得了和解,并促成阮惠进京展觐祝厘,且一路陪同,辛苦万端,在实现两国关系正常化的过程中起了重要作用,将中安关系推进到了一个新的阶段。

The suzerain vassal relationship between Qing Dynasty and Vietnam in the later period ot Qianlong emperor sutfered twists and turns, and there was a war in 53rd to 54th of Qianlong emperor. Thus, the suzerain vassal relationship between Qing Dynasty and Vietnam fell to the lowest point and was suspended for two years. But with many years＇ traditional friendship, both sides had strong desire to keep a close contact. The suzerain vassal relationship between Qing dynasty and Vietnam had been restored in the spring in 55th year of Qianlong emperor. In this process, Fu Kangan who was governor of Guangdong and Guangxi at that time took orders of Qianlong emperor and established policy on how to deal with the problem of Vietnam. This policy assured the prestige of the Qing Dynasty and spurred on Ruanhui＇s pilgrimage. In the process of normalizing the two country＇s relationship, Fu Kangan acted as a very important role, and impelled the two country＇s relationship into a new stage.