气管切开后气道持续湿化的应用

Tracheotomy Airway Continuous Use of Humidification

目的探讨不同的雾化方法对气管切开后气道湿化的作用效果;方法选择我院2006年11月-2009年12月以来的48例气管切开患者,随机分为两组,一组采用压缩雾化吸入机,连接管连接雾化器与气管导管或者气切面罩,对患者进行24h持续雾化吸入,另一组进行间隔雾化吸入,并比较二者的气管切开后气道湿化的效果;结果不同的气管切开后的气道湿化方法对患者出痰次数以及出痰的粘稠度和痰痂数量均造成不同程度的差异。其中,第一组为24h持续雾化吸入湿化,在两周内患者的重度粘痰次数为4次,显著低于第二种间隔雾化的重度粘痰11次（P〈0.01）;持续雾化吸入湿化的中度＋重度粘痰次数也显著低于间隔雾化的次数,二者差异显著（P〈0.05）;同时,第一组重度粘痰次数也显著低于第二组,二者差异显著（P〈0.05）。另外,持续雾化吸入湿化极显著的降低了患者痰痂的数量（P〈0.01）;结论采用压缩雾化吸入机,连接管连接雾化器与气管导管或者气切面罩,对患者进行24小时持续雾化吸入,能够有效地保持切开后气管的湿度,维持气管粘膜正常,有利于患者的呼吸顺畅,减少痰液生成。

Objective To study the spray method after tracheotomy role of airway humidification effect： Methods A hospital in November 2006 -2 009 years, 48 cases since December traeheotomy were randomly divided into two groups, one using Compression inhalation machine, the connection pipe connecting nebulizer and the endotracheal tube or tracheostomy mask, and continued for 24 hours in patients with inhalation, inhalation interval of the other groups, and compared between the trachea After incision of the effects of airway humidification; Results After traeheotomy different wet method of airway sputum of patients the number and the viscosity of sputum and sputum quantity of scab caused by different degrees of difference. Among them, the first group of 24 hours of continuous inhalation of humidification in the patient within two weeks of severe phlegm 4 times and was significantly lower than the second interval of severe phlegm spray 11 times （P 〈0.01）; inhalation of humidified continuous moderate ＋ number severe phlegm was also significantly lower than the frequency interval of atomization, the difference was significant （P 〈0.05）; the same time, the first group the number of severe phlegm was also significantly lower than the second group , the difference was significant （P 〈0.05）. In addition, the continued inhalation of humidified significantly reduces the number of patients with sputum scab （P 〈0.01）; Conclusion The inhalation compression machine, the connection pipe connecting nebulizer and the endotracheat tube or tracheostomy mask, on patients 24 hours continuous inhalation, which can effectively maintain the humidity of the trachea after open, to maintain the normal tracheal mucosa, help patients breathe easier, reduce mucus formation.