复方聚乙二醇电解质散剂在大肠肿瘤手术前清洁肠道中的临床效果和护理探讨

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Electrolyte Powder on Cleansing Enema before the Colorectal Tumor Surgery and nursing care methods

目的探讨聚乙二醇电解质散剂在大肠肿瘤手术前清洁灌肠的效果和护理方法。方法将大肠肿瘤手术需行清洁灌肠的患者160例,随机分为观察组80例和对照组80例,观察组采用聚乙二醇电解质散剂清洁灌肠法,对照组采用普通氯化钠钾碳酸氢钠口服溶液。观察2组患者肠道清洁度情况、灌肠次数、患者的舒适度。结果两组患者肠道清洁度情况比较,有显著性差异（x^2为5.346,P〈0.01）。不良反应：肠道清洁后,观察组恶心14例,呕吐8例,饱胀12例,乏力8例,无饥饿感、腹痛;对照组恶心30例,呕吐24例,饱胀22例,饥饿感12例,腹痛12例,乏力24例。两组胃肠道和全身不良反应方面存在明显差别（x^2分别为5.128、4.237,P〈0.05）,饱胀感无明显差异（x2为0.357,P〉0.05）。但患者术后的并发症切口感染和胀气率,两组相比没有显著性差异（x2分别为0.468、0.657,P〉0.05）。结论改良清洁灌肠法能彻底清洁肠道,减轻患者多次灌肠的不良反应,并与术后的并发症发生率没有明显关系,同时还能减轻护士工作量,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder on cleansing enema before the colorectal tumor surgery and to understand methods of nursing care. Methods A total of 160 patients with Colorectal cancer , who need clean enema 160 cases before surgery, were randomly divided into two groups, study group and the control group, 80 cases each. Patients were treated with polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder cleaning enema in the tudy group, with normal sodium potassium carbonate sodium oral solution in the control group. Intestinal cleanliness, side effects and the rate of complication after surgery were compared between two groups. Results Comparison of two groups of patients with intestinal cleanliness, there is a significant difference （xz, 5.346,P〈0.01）. Adverse reactions include intestinal cleansing, the study group 14 cases of nausea and vomiting in 8eases, 12 cases of fullness, fatigue in 8 eases, non-hungry, feeling and abdominal pain; In the control group , 30 patients had nausea, vomiting, 24 cases, 22 cases of fullness, hunger feeling in 12 eases,12 cases of abdominal pain, fatigue in 24eases. Two groups of the gastrointestinal tract and systemic adverse reactions exist significant differences （x^2, respectively, 5.128,4.237, P 〈0.05）, a sense of fullness was no significant difference （x^2,0.357, P〉 0.05）. However, In term of the incidence of postoperative complications, including incision infection and intestinal flatulence, there was no significant difference between the two groups （x^2, respectively, 0.468,0.657, P〉 0.05）. Conclusion Bowel can be thoroughly cleaned by the modified cleaning enema , which also can alleviate the suffering of patients with muhiple enema and reduce the workload of nurses. Therefore, it is worthy to be popularized.