《正骨笵(中国接骨图说)》的学术渊源及其对日本柔道整复界的影响

Academic sources of ZHENGGUFAN (Chinese Bone-knitting Diagram) and its influence on the Japanese Judo Therapy Circle

目的:系统地解析日本江时代的接骨专著《正骨笵》的学术观点,探讨其与中医正骨术的关系及其对日本柔道整复界的影响。方法:应用文献考证的方法,对《医宗金鉴.正骨心法要旨》和《正骨笵》进行比对,在对日本接骨史进行全面梳理的基础上,对《正骨笵》的体例、所记载的正骨手法、术后方药和固定器具等进行系统地研究。结果:《正骨笵》基本模写于《医宗金鉴.正骨心法要旨》,但在裹帘法中介绍了来自荷兰医学的白布绷带固定法,在方药类中系统地介绍了中国和日本的正骨药方,在正骨手法类中图文并茂地记载了治疗骨折和脱臼的正骨手法。结论:日本的古代正骨术最早是随着中国的按摩推拿术而被引入日本的,日本的正骨、柔道整复、按摩、指压、整体等疗法的渊源是中国的中医按摩推拿疗法。

Objective：To make a systematical analysis on the academic viewpoints of bone-knitting monograph ZHENGGUFAN which was popularized during Edo period in Japan,and explore its relationship with traditional Chinese orthopedics and its influence on the Japanese Judo Therapy Circle.Methods：Comparison was made between Golden Mirror of Medicine·Main Ideas of Bone Setting and ZHENGGUFAN through the method of textual research.Based on the comprehensive collation of history of Japanese bone-knitting,a systematical research was carried out on the following aspects of ZHENGGUFAN：style,recorded bone setting manipulations,postoperative prescriptions,fixed appliances and so on.Results：Basically speaking,ZHENGGUFAN was a replication of Golden Mirror of Medicine·Main Ideas of Bone Setting except for the following fields：calico bandage fixation from Netherlands medicine was introduced on the field of bandaging method;Chinese and Japanese bone-knitting prescriptions were explained systematically in the area of prescription;bone setting manipulations of treating fractures and dislocations were illustrated in the aspect of bone setting manipulations.Conclusion：The earliest introduction of Japnese ancient orthopedics is followed up with Chinese massage-tuina methods,and Japanese therapies of bone-knitting,judo restoration,massage,shiatsu,holistic orthopaedics are all originated from Chinese TCM massage-tuina therapy.