1例麻风病患者皮肤病理实验室诊断与质量控制

Laboratory Diagnosis and Quality Control of Skin Pathology from One Patient with Leprosy

目的通过对病理切片技术进行质量控制,为疑似麻风病患者进行早期实验室诊断和病理分型。方法无菌条件下对疑似麻风病患者皮肤组织进行不同部位的连续性活检取材,优化病理切片制作过程,实行严格质量控制,进行组织病理切片及抗酸染色,显微镜下分析病理图像和抗酸染色结果。结果患者皮肤切片呈I型反应组织象;表皮棘细胞间隙增宽;真皮内可见局限性组织细胞泡沫细胞肉芽肿,炎症灶内可见散在的淋巴细胞;在毛囊、神经和血管周围可见非特异性炎细胞浸润;抗酸染色阳性。结论对麻风病患者进行早期的皮肤查菌及病理切片可以及时地进行实验室诊断,为病人早期分型及对症治疗提供依据。

Objective To undertake the disease typing and early laboratory diagnosis timely for suspected leprosy patients through the quality control of the skin pathological slices. Methods The continuous biopsies of the skin tissues from the suspected leprosy patient were performed under the condition of asepsis. The process of the pathological section was optimized and the strict quality control was executed. The skin tissues were sliced and then carried out the acid fast stain. The pathological and acid fast stain results were analyzed under the microscope. Results The skin Slices showed the response of type I. The lag of acanthocyte was wide and there had localized granuloma in corium. There had sporadic lymphocytes in the focus of the inflammation. Non - specific cellular infiltration was found in the surrounding of the hair follicle, nerves and blood vessel. And the acid fast stain was positive. Conclusions Detecting the leprosy bacillus and carrying out the skin pathological slice can diagnose the disease timely and offer the evidence for the typing and treatment of the disease.