五台山草甸多样性分析

Analyse of Meadow Diversity in the Wutai Mountain

利用12个物种多样性指数,研究了五台山南台不同距离带上草甸多样性的差异。结果表明:随着旅游干扰程度的减少,草甸种群的丰富度和多样性趋于增加。对于物种的均匀度,近距离处,旅游干扰强度大,种间竞争小,使得草甸种的分布更趋于均匀;而远距离处,旅游干扰小,种间竞争加剧,因而种群分布的均匀度相应减小。

Mountain meadow is a kind of special ecosystem,it is not only a kind of important scenery resources,but also has certain ecological benefits.Many scholars studied the impact of tourist activities on meadow,but these researches were not still extensive and profound.So the impact of tourist activities on meadow is continued to study in the south-top of the Wutai Mountain,which is of important significance for ecological environment conservation.In this paper,the meadow diversity among different-distance zones in the south-top of the Wutai Mountain is compared with 12 indices.The results are as follows：（1） Richness and diversity of the meadow populations tend to a gradual increase with the reduction of tourism disturbance.For the species evenness,the distribution of meadow populations is much more even in the nearer-distance zones because the tourist disturbance is serious,and the species competition is low.In the far-distance zones,however,the evenness of meadow population distribution is decreased because the tourist disturbance is low,and the species competition is drastic;（2） For the richness indices,the results of Patrick index,Margalef index and Menhinick index are consistent;for the evenness indices,the results of Pielou index,Sheldon index and Heip index are similar;for the diversity indices,the change trends of Shannon-Wiener index,N_1 and N_2 of Hill indices are consistent,however,the change trend of Simpson index is contrary because of the different calculating methods.