手性有机小分子催化最新进展

Asymmetric Organocatalysis

手性有机小分子催化是近年来不对称催化领域发展起来的一个研究热点。手性有机小分子催化具有反应条件温和,环境友好,催化剂易于回收利用等优点,符合绿色化学的要求。本文根据手性有机催化剂活化模式的不同,从烯胺催化、亚胺催化、氢键活化、卡宾催化、相转移催化以及光化学等方面对近年来有机小分子催化反应的进展,特别是中国学者的工作做一简要评述。重点通过对不同催化体系下催化剂和反应底物之间立体效应和电子效应的考察,发现控制反应立体选择性以及活化惰性底物的规律,进而设计更加高效的手性有机小分子催化剂,完善和拓展有机小分子催化的不对称合成。

Asymmetric organocatalysis has been a frontier in the field of asymmetric catalysis. The comparable advantages, including mild reaction conditions, environment benign, and the facile recovery of catalysts, render the organocatalytic reaction to possess some features of green chemistry. The review provides an overview of recent elegant advances on the enamine catalysis, imine catalysis, hydrogen bond activation, carbene catalysis, phase transfer catalysis and photochemistry, especially of the research work in China, with an emphasis on the clarification of the relationship between either sterical or electronic effects of catalysts and substrates in different catalyst systems, pointing out regulation that controls the stereoselectivity to prompt the design of more efficient ehiral organocatalysts with widespread applications in asymmetric synthesis.