基于DEA的重庆市农业生产效率分析

Agricultural Production Efficiency of Chongqing Based on DEA

简述了有关农业生产效率的文献,介绍了DEA方法的概念以及DEA有效、非有效,规模效益递增、不变、递减的界定方法。根据重庆市1997～2007年的相关统计数据,以农林牧渔业总产出作为产出指标,以农林牧渔业总劳动力、农作物总播种面积、农业机械总动力、化肥施用量(折纯量)、役畜以及有效灌溉面积作为投入指标,运用数据包络分析(DEA)方法对重庆市1997～2007年的农业经济效率进行了测算,并分析了其规模效益。结果表明,直辖后重庆市农业在投入规模方面还有待优化,农业生产效率总体不高,从可持续发展的角度来看,重庆市农业可持续发展能力不强,农业资源没有得到充分利用。基于此,提出了提高重庆市农业生产效率的相关建议:推行土地适度规模经营;提高农户组织化程度和产业化经营率;提高农村劳动力的素质;加强农业科技投入和推广力度;改善农业基础设施建设;提高资源利用率。

Literatures about agricultural production efficiency are reviewed. Concept of DEA Method,as well as the definition methods of effective DEA and scale efficiency increase is introduced. According to the relevant statistical data in the years 1997 -2007 in Chongqing Municipali-ty,efficiency of agricultural economy is calculated from the year 1997 to 2007 by DEA method and the scale efficiency is also analyzed by taking the total output of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery industry as the output index. And the input index includes total workforce in agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery,the total sown area of crops,the total power of agricultural machinery,chemical fertilizer application,the draft animal,and the effective irrigation area. Result shows that Chongqing City became a municipality directly under the central government,its agricultural production efficiency is still low. And the sustainable development capacity of agricultural is weak in Chongqing,and the agricultural resources are not fully used. Based on this,related suggestions are put forward to improve the agricultural production efficiency of Chongqing,such as implementing an appropriate management scale of land,improving the organization degree of peasant households and the rate of industrialization management,enhancing the quality of the rural labor force,strengthening the agricultural science and technology input and extension,perfecting the construction of rural infrastructure,and improving the rate of resource utilization.