新型苹果矮化砧木辽砧2号抗寒性试验

Winter Resistance Experiment on New Apple Dwarf Rootstock——Liaozhen No. 2

[目的]为选育抗寒的苹果矮化砧木提供依据。[方法]用枝条电泳和区域栽植的方法,对新型苹果矮化砧木——辽砧2号进行抗寒性试验。[结果]在相同条件下,辽砧2号半致死温度比M26低-7.7℃,比抗寒性极强的山丁子仅低-2.2℃。在辽宁省新宾县、铁岭县年平均气温为6.1～7.0℃的寒地苹果栽培区栽植,4年生的辽砧2号砧木存活率达95%,比寒富苹果品种的存活率高15%,表现出很强的抗寒性。[结论]枝条电导是检测果树抗寒性的有效方法。

[Objective]The research aimed to provide the basis of cold resistance of apple dwarf rootstock. [Method]The new apple dwarf rootstock Liaozhen No. 2 was used in the winter resistance experiment by the electrophoresis and regional planting. [Result]The semi-lethal temperature of Liaozhen No. 2 was -7. 7 ℃,which was lower than that of M26,and only -2. 2 ℃ lower than the extremely cold resistant apple rootstock M. bacata Borkh. The 4-year-old Hanfu apple trees on Liaozhen No. 2 planted in Xinbin County and Tieling County,Liaoning,where the yearly average temperature was 6. 1 -7. 0 ℃,got 95% survival percentage,which was 15% higher than that of Hanfu apple. [Conclusion]Electrophoresis was the effective method of the determination of the fruit cold resistance.