板栗雌花芽临界分化期营养物质含量的变化

Research on Content Changes of Nutrient Substances during Critical Differentiation Period of Female Flower Bud in Chinese Chestnut (Castanea mollissima Bl.)

研究了板栗雌花芽临界分化期和雄花芽形态分化期可溶性糖、蔗糖、淀粉、蛋白质含量的变化规律和积累水平。结果表明,生理分化期雌花芽可溶性总糖和蔗糖含量的变化似抛物线,形态分化期的雄花芽含量呈直线下降;2类芽淀粉含量均呈"S"型变化,交叉后雄升雌降;蛋白质含量均呈上升态势,中后期雌花芽上升幅度比雄花芽大。雌花芽临界分化结束时,可溶性总糖、蔗糖和可溶性蛋白质含量雌花芽极显著高于雄花芽,淀粉含量极显著低于雄花芽。2类花芽分化时均需丰富的营养物质为基础,雌花芽更高,且相互竞争和制约。

The content changing rules and accumulation levels of soluble sugar,sucrose,starch,and protein during the critical period in the female flower bud differentiation and the morphological differentiation period of the male flower bud of Chinese chestnut were studied. The research indicated that during these periods,the content of soluble sugar and sucrose of female flower bud changed as a parabola,the content of male flower bud decreased linearly. The starch content in both flower buds changed like a＇S＇line,after the cross dot starch increased in the male flower bud and decreased in the female flower bud. The protein content in both flower buds increased all the time,at the later stages of period,it rose much more rapidly in the female flower bud than in male flower bud. Moreover,at the end of female bud critical differentiation period,the content of sol-uble sugar,sucrose and soluble protein was very significantly higher in the female buds than in the male buds. Starch content in the female flower buds was very significantly lower than content in the male flower buds. Meanwhile,this research believed the differentiation of both flower buds needed abundant nutrient substances as development fundaments,and these substances were mutually competing and constraining.