3类除臭剂的除臭效果与VOCs消减分析

Study on the Odor Removing Effect of Three Types of Deodorizers and Analysis of VOCs Reducing

[目的]对市场上化学型、植物型与生物型3种类型除臭剂的使用效果进行比较,分析去除的VOCs物质。[方法]在等体积密闭空间内预置相同臭源,定量喷洒除臭剂,人工嗅辩评价除臭效果。以全二维气相色谱法分析消减的VOCs物质。[结果]植物型除臭剂使用效果最好,在用量为100ml的试验初始阶段大部分样品可使臭源的恶臭强度降到3以下;加入200ml后,所有样品的恶臭强度均降到2以下。生物型除臭剂表现次之,当喷洒200ml除臭剂时,使臭源的恶臭强度降到3以下。化学型除臭剂效果稍差,用量为100ml时的除臭效果不明显,加大使用量后逐渐产生效果。其中H-3在加入200ml后,随着添加量的增加除臭效果变弱。利用全二维气相色谱定量分析了除臭前后VOCs物质,发现2种标志性恶臭物质戊醛与邻二甲苯减少量较大,同时对1,4-二恶烷、乙苯、1,2-二氯丙烷、四氯乙烯、三氯乙烯、甲醇(这6种有毒有害污染物属于美国国家环保署规定的重点控制有害污染物)具有明显的消减作用。[结论]除臭剂效能从高到低排序为植物型、生物型、化学型,药剂量与除臭效果并非正比关系,除臭剂的使用对臭源中标志性恶臭物质有明显的消减作用。

[Objective] Odor decreased effects of three different types（Chemical,vegetable and microbial）of deodorizer were compared and decreased VOCs（volatile organic compounds）concentrations were analyzed.[Method] Every deodorizer was sprayed qualitatively inside the closed spaces that contain same volume of odor emission source material and the effect of odor removing was identified by sniff team method.The decreased VOCs concentrations were detected by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography（GC×GC）method.[Results] The best effects of odor-removing were vegetable deodorizer.The odor intensity could be reduced below 3 when 100 ml vegetable deodorizers were sprayed,then below 2 when 200 ml were sprayed.The effects of odor-removing of the type of microbial deodorizer were better than chemical deodorizers,but weaker than vegetable deodorizers.The odor intensity could be reduced below 3 when 200ml microbial deodorizers were sprayed.The type of chemical reagent has no obvious effect on the odor removing when 100ml were sprayed.The odor decreased effects of chemical deodorizers were gradually appeared with the spray volume increased,other than the effect of H-3 which was not intensified with spray volume increasing after spraying volume accumulated to 200 ml.The changing concentrations of VOCs were analyzed by GC×GC method during the odor decreased process.The results show that the concentrations of two indicating materials of odor pollution,pentanal and O-xylene reduced a lot during odor removing process.1,4-dioxane,ethylbenzene,1,2-dichloro-propane,tetrachloroethylene,trichloroethylene and methanol were decreased remarkablely during odor removing process,which belong to Hazardous Air Pollutants according to US Environment Protection Agency（EPA）[Conclusion] The odor removing effect of 3 types deodorizers from high to low sorted as vegetable,microbial and chemical,and there have no remarkable relationship between the dosage and odor decreased efficiency.The application of deodorizer can obviously reduce the concentration of indicative odor materials in odor source.